Kepanjangan IMO , IMHO , ASAP , LOL .....

Gara - gara temen sekantor ada yang baru bikin blog jadi kepengen ngeblog lagi :)
kali ini berbagi apa ya ?
what's new ?
rasanya seperti tenggelam dan baru muncul ke permukaan.
Ya wes berbagi tentang singkatan - singkatan bahasa inggris yang sering digunakan saja. Khususnya singkatan yang sering digunakan di dalam tulisan mungkin melalui surel (email) atau percakapan tertulis lainnya. Ok langsung saja dan semoga bermanfaat. ^_^

• AFAIK -- As Far As I Know 
• AFK -- Away From Keyboard
• ASAP -- As Soon As Possible
• BAS -- Big A** Smile
• B4 -- Before
• BBL -- Be Back Later
• BBN -- Bye Bye Now
• BBS -- Be Back Soon
• BEG -- Big Evil Grin
• BF -- Boyfriend
• BIBO -- Beer In, Beer Out
• BRB -- Be Right Back
• BTW -- By The Way
• BWL -- Bursting With Laughter
• C&G -- Chuckle and Grin
• CICO -- Coffee In, Coffee Out
• CID -- Crying In Disgrace
• CNP -- Continued (in my) Next Post
• CP -- Chat Post(a chat message)
• CRBT -- Crying Real Big Tears
• CSG -- Chuckle Snicker Grin
• CYA -- See You (Seeya)
• CYAL8R -- See You Later (Seeyalata)
• CUL8R -- See You Later
• DLTBBB -- Don't Let The Bed Bugs Bite
• EG -- Evil Grin
• EMSG -- Email Message
• FC -- Fingers Crossed
• FTBOMH -- From The Bottom Of My Heart
• FYI -- For Your Information
• FWIW -- For What It's Worth
• GAL -- Get A Life
• GF -- Girlfriend
• GFN -- Gone For Now
• GMBA -- Giggling My Butt Off
• GMTA -- Great Minds Think Alike
• GR8 -- Great
• GTSY -- Glad To See You
• H&K -- Hug and Kiss
• HABU -- Have A Better 'Un
• HAGN -- Have A Good Night
• HAGU -- Have A Good 'Un
• HHIS -- Hanging Head in Shame
• HUB -- Head Up Butt
• IAE -- In Any Event
• IC -- I See
• IGP -- I Gotta Pee
• IMNSHO -- In My Not So Humble Opinion
• IMO -- In My Opinion
• IMCO -- In My Considered Opinion
• IMHO -- In My Humble Opinion
• IOW -- In Other Words
• IRL -- In Real Life
• IWALU -- I Will Always Love You
• IWO -- In Other Words
• JMO -- Just My Opinion
• JTLYK -- Just To Let You Know
• KIT -- Keep In Touch
• KOC -- Kiss On Cheek
• KOL -- Kiss On Lips
• L8R -- Later
• L8R -- G8R Later 'Gater
• LHM -- Lord Help Me
• LHO -- Laughing Head Off
• LHU -- Lord Help Us
• LMAO -- Laughing My A$$ Off
• LMSO -- Laughing My Socks Off
• LTNS -- Long Time No See
• LOL -- Laugh Out Loud
• LSHMBB -- Laughing So Hard My Belly is Bouncing
• LSHMBH -- Laughing So Hard My Belly Hurts
• LSHTTARDML -- Laughing So Hard The Tears Are Running Down My Leg
• LTNS -- Long Time No See
• LTS -- Laughing To Self
• LUWAMH -- Love You With All My Heart
• LY -- Love Ya
• MTF -- More To Follow
• NRN -- No Reply Necessary
• NADT -- Not A Darn Thing
• OIC -- Oh, I See
• OL -- Old Lady (significant other)
• OM -- Old Man (significant other)
• OTOH -- On The Other Hand
• OTTOMH -- Off The Top of My Head
• PDS -- Please Don't Shoot
• PITA -- Pain In The A**
• PM -- Private Message
• PMFJI -- Pardon Me For Jumping In
• PMP -- Peed My Pants
• POAHF -- Put On A Happy Face
• QSL -- Reply
• QSO -- Conversation
• QT -- Cutie
• ROFL -- Rolling On Floor Laughing
• ROFLAPMP -- ROFL And Peeing My Pants
• ROFLMAO -- ROFL My A** Off
• ROFLMAOAY -- ROFLMAO At You
• ROFLMAOWTIME -- ROFLMAO With Tears In My Eyes
• ROFLUTS ROFL -- Unable to Speak
• RTFM -- Read The F****** Manual!
• SETE -- Smiling Ear To Ear
• SHID -- Slaps Head In Disgust
• SNERT -- Snot-Nosed Egotistical Rude Teenager
• SO -- Significant Other
• SOT -- Short Of Time
• SOTMG -- Short Of Time Must Go
• SWAK -- Sealed With A Kiss
• SWAS -- Scientific Wild A** Guess
• SWL -- Screaming with Laughter
• SYS -- See You Soon
• TA -- Thanks Again
• TGIF -- Thank God It's Friday
• TCOY -- Take Care Of Yourself
• TILII -- Tell It Like It Is
• TNT -- Till Next Time
• TOY -- Thinking Of You
• TTFN -- Ta Ta For Now
• TTYL -- Talk To You Later
• WAS -- Wild A** Guess
• WB -- Welcome Back
• WTH -- What/Who The Heck (or sub an 'F' for the 'H')
• YBS -- You'll Be Sorry
• YG -- Young Gentleman
• YL -- Young Lady
• YM -- Young Man

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Menggunakan Past Simple

Past simple digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah terjadi pada masa lalu dengan waktu yang spesifik
.
Coba kita pelajari paragraf dibawah ini :

Wolfgang Amendeus Mozartwas an Austrian musician and composer. He lived from 1756 to 1791. He started composing at the age of five and wrote more than 600 pieces of music. He was only 35 years old when he died.

Lived/started/wrote/was/died semuanya menunjukkan past simple.

Biasanya past simple berakhiran dengan –ed. (regular verb). Misalnya seperti kalimat berikut :

• I work in a travel agency now. Before that I worked in a department store.
• We invited them to our party. But they decided not to come.
• The police stopped me on my way home last night.
• Laura passed her examination because she studied very hard .

Tetapi kita juga tahu bahwa banyak verb tidak beraturan (irregular verbs) yang tidak berakhiran dengan –ed. Sebagai contoh :

•  Write menjadi wrote, Mozart wrote more than 600 pieces of music.
•  See menjadi saw, we saw Rose in town a few days ago.
•  Go menjadi went, I went to the cinema three times last week.
•  Shut menjadi shut, it was cold , so I shut the window.

Bagaimana menggunakan simple past dalam bentuk negative dan pertanyaan ?

	Questions	Negatives
I enjoyed	Did you enjoy?	I didn’t enjoy
She saw	Did she see?	She didn’t see
They went	Did they go?	They didn’t go

Coba kita perhatikan dari bentuk percakapan dibawah ini :

A             : Did You go last night?

B             : Yes, I went to the cinema, but I didn’t enjoy the film much. 

Ketika kita membuat pertanyaan maka Did + Subject + Kata kerja 1, Untuk menjawab kita gunakan bentuk simple past  Subject + Kata kerja 2 dan ketika kita menyatakan bentuk negatif kita menggunakan rumus Subject + didn't + Kata kerja 1

• When did Mr. Thomas die? About 10 years ago.
• They didn’t invite her to the party, so she didn’t go.
• Did you have time to write the letter? No I didn’t.

Ada kalanya kita menggunakan “do” sebagai kata kerja utama. Pada contoh berikut , “do“ digunakan sebagai kata kerja utama pada kalimat (did…do/didn’t do)

• What did you do the weekend? ( bukan what did you at the weekend ).
• I didn’t do anything. (bukan I didn’t anything)

Bentuk past dari am/is/are adalah was/were

I/he/she     was/wasn’t	Was I/he/she/it
We/you/they   were/weren’t	Were we / you /they

Perhatikan bahwa kita tidak menggunakan “Did” pada bentuk  negative dan bentuk pertanyaan dengan was/were.

• I was angry because they were late.
• Was the weather good when you were on holiday?
• They weren’t able to come because they were so busy.
• Did you go out last night or were you too tired?

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Present Continuous and Present Simple

Kita menggunakan bentuk continuous untuk menyatakan aksi dan kejadian yang telah dimulai tetapi belum selesai ( they are eating/ it is raining) . Beberapa verb (sebagai contoh , know dan like) biasanya tidak digunakan dalam hal ini. Kita tidak mengatakan “I am knowing”, atau “they are liking”; tetapi kita mengatakan ‘I know’atau ‘they like’. 

Verb dibawah ini biasanya tidak digunakan dalam present continuous :

Like         love      hate       want     need       prefer

Know     realise     suppose       mean    understand   believe     remember

Belong    fit     contain    consist    seem

Misalnya :

1.      I’m hungry . I want something to eat. ( Bukan I’m wanting)

2.      Do you understand what I mean?  ( Bukan What I’m meaning )

3.      Ann doesn’t seem very happy at the moment.  (Bukan Ann isn’t seeming)

Lalu bagaimana dengan kata kerja atau verb yang lain? Ok kita akan praktekkan penggunaan verb di bawah ini :

Think

Ketika kata ‘think’ berarti percaya (believe)  atau  mempunyai opini , kita tidak menggunakan continuous. Misalnya :

1.  I think Mary is Canadian, but I’m not sure. (Bukan I’m thingking) 
2.  What do you think about my plan ? ( = what is your opinion) menyatakan pendapat

Ketika think berarti pertimbangan (consider) , kemungkinan think bisa digunakan :

1.       I’m thinking about what happened. I often think about it.

2.       Nicky is thingking of giving up her job. (= she is considering it)

He is Selfish dan He is being selfish

He’s being = he’s behaving / He’s acting, perbandingannya :

• I can’t understand why he’s being so selfish. He isn’t usually like that.      ( being selfish = behaving selfishly at the moment)
• He never thinks about other people. He is very selfish. (bukan he is being) (= he is selfish generally, not only at the moment).

Kita menggunakan am/is/are + being untuk mengatakan bagaimana tingkah laku seseorang, biasanya tidak digunakan pada kalimat lain :

1.       It’s hot today. ( bukan it’s being hot)

2.       Sarah is very tired (bukan is being tired)

See hear smell taste

Normalnya kita menggunakan present simple (bukan continuous ) dengan verb berikut :

• Do you see that man over there? ( bukan are you seing)
• This room smells not good. Let’s open a window.

Dan juga Kita seringkali menggunakan can + see/ hear/ smell/ taste :

1.       I can hear a strange noise. Can you hear it?

Look    feel

 Kita dapat menggunakan present simple atau continuous untuk menyatakan bagaimana seseorang pada saat ini merasakan dan melihat.

• You look well today or you’re looking well today.
•  How do you feel now ? or how are you feeling now ?

Tetapi pada kalimat berikut :

I usually feel tired in the morning (bukan I’m usually feeling)

Untuk contoh kalimat dengan bentuk present continuous dan present simple sebagai berikut :

1.       Are you believing in God ( Wrong) Seharusnya (Do you believe in God).

2.       I’m feeling hungry.  Is there anything to eat? (right )

3.       This sauce is great. It’s tasting really good. (Wrong) seharusnya It taste relly good.

4.       I’m thingking this is your key. Am I right ? (wrong) seharusnya I think this is your key.

5.       Are you hungry? Do you want something to eat?

6.       Don’t put the dictionary away, I’m using it.

7.       Don’t put the dictionary away, I need it. ( need tidak biasa digunakan dengan continuous)

8.       Who is that man? What does he want?

9.       Who is that man? Why is he looking at us?

10.   Alan says he’s 80 years old, but nobody believes him.

11.   She told me her name, but I don’t remember it now.

12.   I’m thingking of selling my car. Would you be interested in buying it? (consider)

13.   I think you should sell your car. You don’t use it very often. (opinion)

14.   Air consists of mainly nitrogen and oxygen.

15.   Sarah is being very nice to me at the moment. I wonder why.

16.   You’ll like Debbie when you meet her. She is very nice.

17.   You’re usually very patient, so why are you so unreasonable about waiting ten more minutes?

18.    Why isn’t Steve at work today? He is being ill. (hanya pada hari ini bukan kebiasaan)

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Contoh Penggunaan Simple Present

Contoh penggunaan kalimat dengan present simple :

1. Tanya speaks German very well (Tanya -> she , jadi digunakan speaks)
2. I don’t often drink Coffee. ( Bentuk negatif untuk subjek I maka digunakan don’t)
3. The Swimming pool opens at 7.30 every morning. (swimming pool -> it, jadi digunakan opens)
4. Bad driving causes many accidents (bad driving -> it)
5. My parents live in a very small flat( My parents -> they)
6. The Olympic Games takes place every four years. (The Olympic Games -> it)
7. The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (The Panama Canal ->it)

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Present Simple

Untuk mengetahui present simple coba kita perhatikan situasi dibawah ini:

Alex is a bus driver , but now he is in bed asleep. He is not driving a bus. (Alex adalah seorang pengemudi bus, tetapi sekarang dia sedang tertidur. Dia tidak sedang mengemudikan bus).
But he drives a bus. (tetapi  Dia adalah seorang pengemudi).

Drive(s)/Work(s)/Do(es) etc. adalah contoh present simple Polanya :

I/we/You/They He/she/it

Drive/work/do etc Drives/works/does etc

Untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang  umum kita menggunakan Present Simple. Kita menggunakannya untuk mengatakan sesuatu yang terjadi  sepanjang waktu , kebiasaan atau yang terjadi berulang kali.

Misalnya :

• Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
• I usually go away at weekends.
• The  earth goes around the sun.
• The café opens at 7.30 in the morning.

Ingat :
I work but he works they teach but my sister teaches.

Untuk membuat pertanyaan dan kalimat negatif Kita menggunakan do/does:

Do Does

I/we/you/they He/she/it

Work? Drive? Do?

I/we/you/they He/she/it

Don’t Doesn’t

Work Drive Do

• I come from Canada. Where do you come from?
• I don’t go away very often.
• What does this word mean ? (bukan What means this word )
• Rice doesn’t grow in cold climates.

Pada contoh di bawah ini , “do” juga sebagai kata kerja utama (do you do / doesn’t do etc)

• What do you do? I work in a shop.
• He’s always so lazy. He doesn’t do anything to help.

Kita menggunakan present simple untuk mengatakan seberapa sering kita melakukan sesuatu.

• I get up at 8 o’ clock every morning.
• How often do you go to the dentist?
• Julie doesn’t  drink tea very often.
• Robert usually goes away two or three times a year.

I promise / I apologize etc.  

ketika anda berjanji untuk melakukan sesuatu anda dapat mengatakan I promise ketika anda menyarankan sesuatu anda dapat mengatakan I suggest.

• I promise I won’t be late ( bukan I’m promising)
• What do you suggest I do ?  I suggest that you …

Hal ini juga berlaku ketika kita hendak mengatakan, I apologise / I advise / I insist/ I agree / I refuse etc

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Percakapan dengan Present Continuous

Setelah mengetahui tentang pola present continuous dan belajar membuat kalimat kalimatnya sekarang kita akan mencoba untuk melengkapi Percakapan. 

1.    percakapan 1
A    : I saw Brian a few days ago
B    : Oh did You ? What’s he doing these days?
A    : He’s at University.
B    : What is he studying ?
A    : Psychology
B    : Is he enjoying it?
A    : Yes. He says it’s a very good course. 

2.    percakapan 2
A    : Hi, Liz How you’re getting in your new job?
B    : Not bad. It wasn’t so good at first, but things are getting better now.
A    : What about Jonathan? Is he OK?
B    : Yes, but he’s not enjoying his work at the moment.
A    :He’s been in the same job for a long time and he's beginning to get bored with it.

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Contoh - contoh Kalimat Present Continuous

Setelah mengetahui tentang penggunaan present continuous, selanjutnya kita akan mencoba menggunakannya dalam kalimat. Adapun kalimat - kalimat yang menggunakan pola present continuous sebagai berikut :

1. You’re working hard today. Yes I have a lot to do.
2. I’m  looking for Nurul. Do you know where she is?
3. It’s getting dark. Shall I turn on the light?
4. They don’t have anywhere to live at the moment. They ‘re staying with friends until they find somewhere.
5. Things are not so good at work. The company’s  losing money.
6. Have you got an umbrella ? It’s starting to rain.

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Menggunakan Present Continuous

Kali ini kita akan belajar bahasa Inggris tentang Present Continuous. Misalnya kita akan mempelajari tentang situasi ini :
Sarah is in her car. She is on her way to work. (Sarah berada di mobilnya. Dia dalam perjalanan ke tempat kerjanya) . Ini berarti dia sekarang sedang menyetir , pada saat pembicaraan, kegiatan tersebut belum selesai.
Am/is/are + -ing adalah Present continuous.

I he/she/It We/You/They

Am    (=I’m) Is       (=He’s etc) Are    (=we’re etc )

Cooking Working Doing etc.

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